“Hettman von Klein Reussen”: the image of Kyrylo Rozumovsky in the mid-eighteenth-century early printed books and engravings from the Razumovskys’ family collection

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2024.849

Keywords:

Kyrylo Rozumovsky, Mykhail Kozachynsky, Johann Christian Gottfried Fritzsch, Georg Friedrich Schmidt, engraving, panegyric, family library, hetman, the Hetmanate, the Russian Empire

Abstract

The article examines the early printed panegyric Philosophia Aristotelica by Mykhail Kozachynsky (1745) and the engraved portraits of the Ukrainian hetman Kyrylo Rozumovsky by Johann Christian Gottfried Fritzsch (1750) and Georg Friedrich Schmidt (1762). These items belong to the collection of books and memorabilia owned by the Razumovsky noble family, specifically their Razumovskiana. The narrative and visual sources are treated through the prism of their commemorative significance and relevance for studying the early modern  history of Ukraine.

References

• Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, eds. U. Thieme, F. Becker, Leipzig 1916.

• Boucher J.-J., Le comte de Lowendal: Ulrich Frédéric Woldemar, Maréchal de France 1700−1755, Paris 2012.

• Burke P., A Social History of Knowledge. From Gutenberg to Diderot, Cambridge 2000.

• Collection of Slezské Zemské museum/Silesian Museum, G.F. Schmidt, Kyrylo Razumovsky (1728−1803), 1762, Inv. Nr. U 555 G.

• Gosudarstvennyj Ermitazh, ЭРГ−15495, Шмидт Георг Фридрих (Schmidt Georg-Friedrich) s originala L. Tocqué 1758 г. Portret grafa K.G. Razumovskogo, getmana Malorossii, prezidenta Imperatorskoj Akademii Nauk. Sankt-Peterburg. 1762, [online] https://www.ras.ru/presidents/1b00907b-dd5a-45c5-80a9-68bc3f19e17c.aspx?hidetoc=1; https://hermitagemuseum.org/wps/portal/hermitage/what-s-on/temp_exh/2017/kingsengraver?lng=ru [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Gosudarstvennyj Ermitazh, ЭРГ−15507, Фритч Иоганн Христиан Готлиб (Fritzsch Johann Christian Gottflied), Portret grafa K. G. Razumovskogo, getmana Malorossii, prezidenta Imperatorskoj Akademii Nauk. Vtoraya polovina XVIII v., [online] https://www.ras.ru/presidents/2f3f2bcc-dfeb-4632-be0e-9c7e61b6cf09.aspx?hidetoc=1 [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Gosudarstvennyj muzej izobrazitelnyh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, Gravyura v Rossii XVIII – pervoj poloviny XVIII stoletiya, inv. ГР−7019, Шмидт Геогр-Фридрих (Schmidt Georg-Friedrich), Portret K. G. Razumovskogo, 1762, po originalu L. Tocqué, [online] http://www.russianprints.ru/printmakers/sh/schmidt_georg/portrait_cyrill_razumovsky.shtml [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Haničák O., Maloušková I., Vídeňská knihovna rodiny Razumovských, “Slezský Sborník” 2023, vol. 121, no. 2, pp. 221−226.

• Hrabovets A., Hraverni zobrazhennia K. Rozumovskoho, “Slovo Hetmanskoi Stolytsi” 2014, no. 5(44), p. 3.

• Iakovenko N., “Rulers of the Fatherland”. The Hetmanate’s Cossack and Church Elite’s Concepts of the Nature, Representation, and Obligation of Authority (Up to the Beginning of the Eighteenth Century), [in:] Eighteenth-Century Ukraine. New Perspectives on Social, Cultural, and Intellectual History, ed. by Z.E. Kohut, V. Sklokin, F.E. Sysyn, with L. Bilous, Monreal−Edmonton 2023, pp. 499−527.

• Just T., Georg Friedrich Schmidt Chronologisches Verzeichnis seiner Kupferstiche und Radierungen, Arthistoricum.net, Art-Dok, [online] https://doi.org/10.11588/artdok.00007398 [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Kohut Z., Russian Centralism, and Ukrainian Autonomy. Imperial Absorption of the Hetmanate, 1760s–1830s, Cambridge 1988.

• Kononenko V., Modernizatsiia Hetmanshchyny. Proekty kozatskoi administratsii 1687–1764 rr., Kyiv 2017.

• Kovalevska O., Zobrazhennia kriz viky. Ikonohrafiia kozatskoi starshyny XVII−XVIII st., Kyiv 2014.

• Kryuchkova M., Triumf Melpomeny. Ubijstvo Petra ІІІ kak politicheskij spektakl, Moskva 2013.

• Mackiw T., Graviura Mazepy z 1706 r., “Ukrainskyi Istoryk” 1966, 1−2(910), pp. 69−72.

• Maximowicz J., Dictionarium Latino-Slavonum, 1718−1724. P. 1, ed. by O. Horbatsch, Rome 1991.

• National Heritage Institute, Regional Historic sites Management in Kroměříž, State chateau Hradec nad Moravicí, inventory number HM 1292, graphic, Kiril Grigorjevič Razumovský, 2nd half of the 18th century, h. 31,5 cm w. 21 cm.

• Nora P., Between Memory and History. Les Lieux de Mémoire, “Representations”, special issue “Memory and Counter-Memory” spring 1989, vol. 26, pp. 7–24.

• Österreichisches Staatarchiv, AT-OeStA/AVA Adel RAA 336.19.

• Pettegree A., Weduwen A., The Library. A Fragile History, London 2021.

• Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossijskoj imperii. Vol. 16, Sankt-Peterburg 1830.

• Die Porträtsammlung der Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, ed. P. Mortyfeld, A 17242, Inv.-no. I 10785, Rasumowskij, Kyrill Grigorjewitsch (1744 Reichsgraf), Fritzsch, Johann Christian Gottfried (Stecher), [online] http://portraits.hab.de/werk/19884/ [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Die Porträtsammlung der Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, ed. P. Mortyfeld, A 3105, Inv.-no. II 759, Bützow, Nicolaus, Pfandzeit, Lucas Conrad (Maler), Fritzsch, Johann Christian Gottfried (Stecher), [online] http://portraits.hab.de/werk/5172/ [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Potapenko S., Family Library as a Site of Memory. The Rozumovskys’/Razumovskys’ Book Collection from the Mid-Eighteenth to the Early Twenty-First Century, “Kyiv-Mohyla Humanities Journal” 2023, vol. 10, pp. 146−168.

• Proshenie malorossijskogo shlyahetstva i starshin vmeste s getmanom o vosstanovlenii raznyh starinnyh prav Malorossii, podannoe Ekaterine ІІ v 1764 godu, “Kievskaya Starina” 1883, no. 6, pp. 317−345.

• Putro O., Hetman Kyrylo Rozumovskyi ta yoho doba (z istorii ukrainskoho derzhavotvorennia XVIII st.). Vol. 1, Kyiv 2008.

• Razumovsky C., Familienbesitz der Razumovsky, Wien 1914.

• Razumovsky C., Katalog der Familien-Bibliothek und Familien-Kunst und Denkwürdigkeiten-Sammlung des Camillo Graf Razumovsky, Wien 1907.

• Razumovsky M., Die Rasumovskys. Eine Familie am Zarenhof, Köln-Weimar-Wien 1998.

• Rossijskaya akadeimya nauk, Ukaz imperatricy Elizavety Petrovny o novom titulovanii K. G. Razumovskogo, Pisarskaya kopiya, 2 avgusta 1750 g., [online] https://www.ras.ru/presidents/54f82c28-572e-4b47-8497-dce5a7b23748.aspx?hidetoc=0 [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Rovinskij D., Podrobnyj slovar’ russkih gravirovannyh portretov, Sankt-Peterburg 1888.

• Rovinskij D., Russkie gravery i ih proizvedeniya s 1654 goda do osnovaniya Akademii hudozhestv, Moskva 1870.

• “Senatskij Arhiv” 1910, vol. 14.

• Skarby shvedskykh arkhiviv. Dokumenty z istorii Ukrainy, ed. M. Trattner, Odessa 2021.

• Sokyrko O., Hetman u perutsi. Zovnishni formy reprezentatsii hetmanskoi vlady chasiv Kyryla Rozumovskoho, “Text and Image: Essential Problems in Art History” 2019, vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 15−85.

• Sokyrko O., Kozatskyi Mars. Derzhava i viisko Kozatskoho Hetmanatu v dobu Militarnoi revoliutsii, Kyiv 2023.

• Sokyrko O., Na varti bulavy. Nadvirni viiska ukrainskykh hetmaniv seredyny XVII – druhoi polovyny XVIII st., Kyiv 2018.

• Sokyrko O., Ustroievi reformy hetmana Kyryla Rozumovskoho ta pochatok kintsia Kozatskoho Hetmanatu, [in:] Studia i materiały z historii nowożytnej i najnowszej Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Vol. 1: Na styku epok. Ziemie południowo-wschodniej Rzeczypospolitej od XVII do początku XIX wieku, eds. T. Kargol, W. Michałowski, Kraków−Kijów 2020, pp. 113−132.

• Stepovyk D., Ukrainska hraviura baroko: Maister Illia, Oleksandr Tarasevych, Leontii Tarasevych, Ivan Shchyrskyi, Kyiv 2022.

• Stockholms Post Tidningar, 26 April 1750, [online] https://tidningar.kb.se/2979645/1750–04-26/edition/145134/part/1/page/1/?q=F%C3%A4ltherre&sort=asc [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Sytyi I., Hetmanski universaly z kolektsii Chernihivskoho istorychnoho muzeiu im. V.V. Tarnovskoho, “Siverianskyi Litopys” 1998, no. 6, pp. 62−85.

• The Razumovsky family collection, Vienna, Fїlosofіa Arїstoteleva po umstvovanїyu perїpatetikov, izdannaya eya їmperatorskago svyashchennѣjshago velichestva, prirodnyya nasheya velikїya g[o]s[u]d[a]r[y]ny, vseaѵgustejshїya їmperatrїcy Elїsaveti Petrovny, vseya Rossїi, vernomu poddanomu Cvyashchennyh Rossїjskago i Rimskago їmperїi, sїyatelnѣjshomu rejs-grafu, vysokoprevoskhoditelnejshomu gosudarstvennomu yager-mejsteru, dѣjstvitelnomu eya zh їmperatorskago vsepresvetlejshago velichestva ober-kamergeru, lejb-kompanїi porutchiku i mnogih ordinov kavaleru, ego vysokorejs-grafskomu sїyatelstvu Aleksїyu Grigorievichu Rozumovskomu v lѣtnyi slavnago ego tezoimenitstva den, pripisannaya na shchirovernoi vipisѣ iz pechatnyh latinskih i polskih knig o shlyahetnoj enealogїi blagorodnyh gospod Rozumovskyh, utverzhdennaya v chetiry dovody, razdelennaya i publѣchnimi v akademіi mogѵlo-zaborovskoj kіevskoj dysputami osvidѣtelstvovannaya, chrez vsenizhajshago ih slugu i b҃gomolca, Akademїi Kіevskїya prefekta i toya zh de fїlosofїi troekursnago uchitelya, їeromonaha Mihaila Kozachinskago podnesennaya. Otvetstvoval zhe seya zh fїlosofїi slyshatel, grecheskago, eѵrejskago i nѣmeckago dїalektov uchenik, bl[a]gorodnyj gospodin Grigorїj SHCHerbackїj pri uchitelstve pomyanutogo prefekta Mihaila. V Kїevѣ ҂АѰ҃҃МЄ goda marta З҃Ї dnya.

• The Razumovsky family collection, Vienna, Fїlosofіa Arїstoteleva po umstvovanїyu perїpatetikov, izdannaya eya їmperatorskago svyashchennѣjshago velichestva, prirodnyya nasheya velikїya g[o]s[u]d[a]r[y]ny, vseaѵgustejshїya їmperatrїcy Elїsaveti Petrovny, vseya Rossїi, vernomu poddanomu Cvyashchennyh Rossїjskago i Rimskago їmperїi, sїyatelnѣjshomu rejs-grafu, vysokoprevoskhoditelnejshomu gosudarstvennomu yager-mejsteru, dѣjstvitelnomu eya zh їmperatorskago vsepresvetlejshago velichestva ober-kamergeru, lejb-kompanїi porutchiku i mnogih ordinov kavaleru, ego vysokorejs-grafskomu sїyatelstvu Aleksїyu Grigorievichu Rozumovskomu v lѣtnyi slavnago ego tezoimenitstva den, pripisannaya na shchirovѣrnoi vipisѣ iz pechatnyh latinskih i polskih knig o shlyahetnoj enealogїi blagorodnyh gospod Rozumovskyh, utverzhdennaya v chetiry dovody, razdelennaya i publѣchnimi v akademіi mogѵlo-zaborovskoj kіevskoj dysputami osvidѣtelstvovannaya, chrez vsenizhajshago ih slugu i b҃gomolca, Akademїi Kіevskїya prefekta i toya zh de fїlosofїi troekursnago uchitelya, їeromonaha Mihaila Kozachinskago podnesennaya. Otvetstvoval zhe seya zh fїlosofїi slyshatel, grecheskago, eѵrejskago i nѣmeckago dїalektov uchenik, bl[a]gorodnyj gospodin Grigorїj SHCHerbackїj pri uchitelstve pomyanutogo prefekta Mihaila. V Kїevѣ ҂АѰ҃҃МЄ goda marta З҃Ї dnya.

• The Razumovsky family collection, Vienna, G.F. Schmidt, engraved portrait of Kyrylo Rozumovsky, 1762.

• Tsentralnyi derzhavnyi istorychnyi arkhiv Ukrainy, m. Kyiv, f. 269, op. 1, spr. 429, ark. 1, [online] https://cdiak.archives.gov.ua/v_265_rokiv_Hetmanatu.php [accessed 14.05.2024].

• Vasilchikov A., Semejstvo Razumovskih. Vol. 1, Sankt-Peterburg 1880.

• Videnskyi arkhiv hetmanskoho rodu Rozumovskykh. Vol. 1–2, ed. S. Potapenko, Kyiv 2018–2020.

Published

2024-06-30